The militant group claimed responsibility for Wednesday's attacks that killed 17 people.
Trump's comments brought criticism from Iranians on social media, who recalled their government's offers of support and the candlelight vigils held in Iran after the attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States.
Trump had said he prayed for the victims of Wednesday's attacks that were claimed by Islamic State, but added that "states that sponsor terrorism risk falling victim to the evil they promote".
Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif condemned Trump's statement, calling it "repugnant" and accusing the USA of supporting ISIS.
The attacks on Wednesday at Tehran's parliament complex and the shrine of revolutionary leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini wounded more than 50 people and were the first claimed by IS in Iran.
Islamic State claimed responsibility and threatened more attacks against Iran's majority Shi'ite population, seen by the hardline Sunni militants as heretics.
Two of those killed were not Iranian, he said.
UN Ambassador Nikki Haley Just Nailed Down Trump's Climate Views
Trump, he said, is not going to renegotiate the treaty despite suggesting he might do so "because he doesn't believe in it". More frequent forest fires, accelerated sea level rise, increased coastal flooding and longer, more intense heat waves.
Iran's powerful Revolutionary Guards Corps blamed the assault on regional rival Saudi Arabia and has threatened revenge. One of the attackers reportedly blew himself up inside as the police surrounded the building.
The next few days are crucial to understanding whether Iranian moderates will be able to rein in the IRGC and its Shiite allies, such as the armed Lebanese group Hezbollah, the Afghan militia Fatemiyoun and the Pakistani Zeynabiyoun brigade - which are all doing Iran's bidding in the war in Syria.
The bloodshed shocked the country and came as emboldened Sunni Arab states - backed by U.S. President Donald Trump - are hardening their stance against Shiite-ruled Iran. They never named the country directly, but the implication was clear.
As the parliament attack unfolded, gunmen and suicide bombers also struck outside Khomeini's mausoleum on Tehran's southern outskirts.
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the country's supreme leader, used the attacks to defend Tehran's involvement in wars overseas. The revered shrine was not damaged.
On Thursday, Iranian authorities said the assailants were Iranian nationals and they have arrested six suspects, including one woman, since the attacks. He did not elaborate.
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