Speaking inside the ship's ceremonial room, the vice president spoke to CNN after addressing about 2,500 troops on the ship's deck - something he said he's never done before.
Mr Pence made the comments during a visit to Japan as part of his 10-day tour of Asia.
"We've ushered in an era of unprecedented peace and prosperity", he said.
"The days of broken promises and the days of running out the clock on agreements with the wider world are over", Pence said.
The New York Times reported last month that President Donald Trump inherited a cyberwar on North Korea in the hope of sabotaging its missile tests.
China reiterates its opposition to the deployment of a sophisticated US anti-missile system in South Korea.
The announcement followed an inaugural meeting Tuesday of the U.S. -Japan Economic Dialogue in Tokyo chaired by visiting U.S. Vice President Mike Pence and Japanese Deputy Prime Minister Taro Aso.
An unidentified US defense official told CNN that China put its air force bombers armed with cruise missiles "on high alert".
"China expresses serious concern with recent trends about North Korea's nuclear and missile development", he said.
"North Korea is the most risky and urgent threat to peace and security in the Asia-Pacific", the vice president said, standing on the deck of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan presently stationed at Yokosuka Naval Base in Tokyo Bay, Japan.
China calls for restraint as United States carrier group nears Korean waters
Adding to the heightened tensions, North Korea detained a US citizen on Saturday as he attempted to leave the country. Abe also said he and Trump agreed that China should play a large role in dealing with it.
"It is our belief by bringing together the family of nations with diplomatic and economic pressure we have a chance of achieving a freeze on the Korean Peninsula", said Pence.
Pence referred to his visit to South Korea earlier in the week.
The post Pence says working with allies to put pressure on North Korea appeared first on UNTV News. North Korea, on some level, must know this.
His remarks also coincided with an embarrassing USA admission on Tuesday that an aircraft carrier Trump said 10 days ago was sailing to waters off the Korean Peninsula was in fact heading in the opposite direction.
In a perplexing mix-up, the USS Carl Vinson, which the US Navy said on April 8 would head to North Korea, was photographed 3,500 miles away in Indonesia on April 15.
But President Donald Trump's administration has said this time and time again. But perhaps the greatest encouragement for the U.S. president is that many of his erstwhile critics within, including a section of liberals, have welcomed his new approach, which resembles a foreign policy direction they are familiar with and one he campaigned against.
But he pointed to the build-up of USA naval forces in the region.
But if attacked or faced with the use of nuclear weapons, Pence said, the United States will meet the challenge with "an overwhelming and effective American response".
(AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko). Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, right, and U.S. Vice President Mike Pence shake hands prior to a luncheon hosted by Abe at the prime minister's official residence in Tokyo, Tuesday, April 18, 2017.
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